WHAT IS ADHD STAND FOR?
ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, this is one of the most common
neurodevelopmental disorders(that affects the development of the nervous system) in childhood. It is
diagnosed in childhood and often lasts until adulthood. Children with ADHD may have difficulty in
concentration, and impulsive control disorder (act rapidly with no thought to the outcome). Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)is a brain disorder.
ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children. Boys are more affected than girls.
Generally detected in the early school years when a child started mind activity problems paying attention.
ADHD can’t be prevented or cured.
CAUSES OF ADHD
The causes of ADHD are still unknown, scientists are studying other possible causes including:
Genetic causes of ADHD go on in families.
Brain chemicals are out of balance in people with ADHD
Use of Alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy.
Part of the brain that controls attention is less active in children with ADHD.
During pregnancy, poor nutrition, infections, smoking, drinking, and substance abuse.
These things can affect a baby’s brain development.
The use of Toxins (like lead) may affect a child’s brain development.
A brain injury or a brain disorder.
TYPES
There are three different ways ADHD presents itself, depending on which types of symptoms are
strongest in the individual:
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: It is very difficult for the person who is suffering to
finish a task regularly or concentrate on details, or follow instructions or conversations. The person is
easily lost or misses details of the day-to-day task.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: The person trembles and talks too
much and is always in hurry for that person it is too hard to sit peacefully for long. kids continuously may
run and jump. The person feels impatient and has turmoil with impulsivity. Someone with impulsiveness
may disturb others a lot, or speak at inconvenient times. a person never waits their turn or listens to
directions which is why they have more accidents and injuries than others.
Combined Presentation: above two types of Symptoms are present in equal proportion.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ADHD?
Symptoms in children
Symptoms are grouped into three types:
Inattentive. A child with ADHD:
Easily distracted and makes careless mistakes
Not following directions or finishing tasks
Not seem to be listening
Doesn’t pay attention
Forgets about daily activities
Difficulty in organizing daily tasks
Doesn’t like to do things that require sitting still
Daydream too much.
Hyperactive-impulsive. A child with ADHD:
Often tremble nervousness or job when sitting
Not staying in one position
Have a problem playing quietly
Is always moving, or restlessness
Talks too much, do not wait for their turn to speak
Is always “on the go,” as if “driven by a motor”
Obscure out answers Interrupt others
Combined. This involves signs of both other types.
Symptoms in adults
Symptoms of ADHD may change as a person gets older. They include:
Often being late or don’t remember a thing
Anxiety
Low reliance
Problems at work
difficulty monitoring outrage
Impulsiveness
addiction
Trouble staying organized
Procrastination
Easily frustrated
Often bored
Trouble concentrating when reading
Mood swings
Depression
Relationship problems
ADHD vs. ADD
ADD stand for Attention deficit disorder, is the former name for ADHD. It was officially modified in the year
of 1990s. but Some yet use both names to talk about this one disorder.
ADHD Diagnosis and Testing
This is tough to diagnose ADHD, especially in children. No test will confirm it. Doctors often diagnose
ADHD symptoms in children and teens after conversations with the child, parents, and teachers, and then
examining the child’s behaviors.
Doctors use the American Psychiatric Association’s guidelines, which are established on how many
symptoms a person has and how long they have had these symptoms. The health expert will also
eliminate other things that may be causing the symptoms, such as health conditions or problems in daily
life.
To demonstrate a diagnosis of ADHD or learning differences, a child may take a series of tests to review
their neurological and psychological condition. The tests should be given by a pediatrician or mental
health provider with knowledge of diagnosing and treating ADHD. Your primary care doctor might suggest
you to a specialist such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or psychotherapist. The tests may include:
A scan called the Neuropsychiatric EEG-Based Assessment Aid (NEBA) System, which criterion theta
and beta brain waves. The theta/beta ratio is higher in children and adolescents with ADHD than in
children without it.
A medical and social history of the child and the family.
A physical exam and neurological assessment include screenings of vision, hearing, and verbal and
motor skills. More tests may be given if hyperactivity may be related to another physical problem.
A tryout of intelligence, aptitude, personality traits, or processing skills.
TREATMENT
There are numerous strategies for treating ADHD. But analysis shows that the best way to supervise
symptoms for many children is a multimodal approach. This involves various methods of treatment that
work together. Many symptoms of ADHD can be managed with medication and therapy. A coalition
among therapists, doctors, teachers, and parents is very much crucial. Types of treatment for ADHD
include
Behavior therapy, including training for parents; and Psychotherapy (counseling)
Medications.
Medication
Stimulants are the most commonly suggested medications for treating ADHD but there is animosity about
their possible overuse. They can help control hyperactive and impulsive behavior and improve
concentration. They work on the brain chemicals, like dopamine, that can make impulsive behavior
terrible.
These include:
Amphetamine (Adzenys XR ODT, Dyanavel)
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)
Dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Dexedrine)
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
Methylphenidate (Aptensio, Cotempla, Concerta, Daytrana, Jornay PM, Metadate,
Methylin, Quillivant, Ritalin)
Stimulant medications don’t work for all with ADHD. People older than 6 may take non-
stimulant medications such as:
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay)
Guanfacine (Intuniv)
, doctors also prescribe antidepressants, such as drugs called SSRIs, bupropion
(Wellbutrin), or venlafaxine (Effexor) In some cases
There are also some Side effects of ADHD medicines one can also take this in mind these are
Trouble sleeping
Skin discoloration (with patches)
Exhaustion
Anxiety
Loss of appetite
stomach discomfort
Headache
Many of them are minor side effects and improve with time.
Support groups of people with identical problems can share their problems among themselves and
support you to understand more about ADHD and encourage how to overcome your symptoms. These
kinds of groups are helpful for adults with ADHD or parents of children with ADHD.
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