HEART DISEASE
The term “heart disease” stands for different heart conditions arising due to structural, vessel, and blood
clotting problems.
TYPES OF HEART DISEASE
Depending on the condition, The following types of heart disease are listed below,
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) OR
ATHEROSCLEROTIC HEART DISEASE
Coronary artery disease, as the name suggested that disease related to the major blood vessels that are
coronary arteries. The main reason for this is a build-up of plaque in the artery which obstructs the blood
flow to the heart. The process of plaque building and blocking of artrey is called atherosclerosis.
Ischemic heart disease is another form of coronary heart disease in which arteries blockage occurs slowly
over many years in opposite conditions if this happens all of a sudden then called acute coronary
syndrome the blockage in this situation is due to blood clotting.
Coronary artery disease is the most common type of disease in the USA, with more than 18 million adults
suffering from this heart disease. Only in the USA, coronary artery disease impacted 1 in 10 people aged
40 to 80 and every 1 in 5 aged below 65.
SYMPTOMS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Although there are no symptoms over the years, this is called the silent killer. Plaque building is a long
process until heart attacks occur, you may notice modest signs when you do excessive hard work like
exercise.
Chest pain or heaviness (angina) Some people say it feels like heavy stuff put on the chest.
discomfort in the upper part of your body.
Shortness of breath because the coronary artery carries the oxygen-rich blood when it is blocked
deficiency in oxygen occurs.
Fatigue is, the heart’s unable to pump enough blood according to the body’s requirements.
Heart attack, when completely blocked.
CAUSES OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
The main cause of coronary artery disease is the collection of cholesterol, fats, and other substances
which are called plaque in the inner part of the artery. This situation is called atherosclerosis. other than
this plaque some extra causes are too, Diabetes, Smoking, High blood pressure.
TREATMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Change in lifestyle like eating healthy food, regular exercise.
Medications like Statin, Beta blockers, Calcium channel blockers, etc.
Coronary stent(a tube placed inside), Angioplasty (inflating a balloon inside).
Surgery or also called bypass surgery.
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HBD) ALSO
CALLED HYPERTENSION
As the name suggested when the pressure of blood flow in an artery is too high this is called hypertension
or high blood pressure. this exerted stress on the wall of the artery.
hypertension occurs when the reading of mercury continues to 130/80mm hg. blood pressure evaluated
180/90 this condition becomes severe.
SYMPTOMS OF HYPERTENSION,
Even if there is too high blood pressure, maybe no such symptoms are seen. A few symptoms are felt
like headache, exhaustion, and nosebleed.
CAUSES OF HYPERTENSION
High blood pressure, depends on two things firstly what amount of blood pump out of the heart, and
second how the artery handles it.
there are no exact causes of hypertension,
hypertension is categorized into two types, primary and secondary.
primary hypertension accumulated over many years deliberately.
On the other hand, secondary developed suddenly this might be happening due to some other diseases
or conditions or side effects of the medicine.
TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
treatment consists of a change in lifestyle and medications
change in lifestyle: Do physical exercise regularly, keep stress away, do stress buster activities, examine
blood pressure, take low sodium diet, stop smoking.
Medication: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, and Beta blockers are the medicine used
primarily to treat HBP or hypertension.
Measurement of High blood pressure:
Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury(Hg), First limit is called systolic pressure, which is
the pressure in arteries when the heart beats. The second limit is called diastolic pressure, this is the
pressure in arteries between heartbeats.
Blood pressure is measured, and also categorized I two stages:
stage 1: 130/80mm Hg to 139/89mm Hg.
stage 2: 140/90mm Hg or higher.
CARDIAC ARREST
Our hearts beat in electric impulses, and a change in the pattern of these impulses or pattern of
heartbeats causes Arrhythmias, when which are stopped all of a sudden and called cardiac arrest. which
is a serious problem.
CAUSES OF CARDIAC ARREST
Coronary artery disease
Structural heart disease
Inherited arrhythmia syndromes
trauma, bleeding, an overdose of medicine, etc.
SYMPTOMS OF CARDIAC ARREST
There are some common symptoms before cardiac arrest, if this signal occurs immediately contact the
emergency medical helpline or call 911.
Before: Chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, feeling of exhausted
After: Rapid collapse, No pulse, No breathing, Consciousness lost.
TREATMENT OF CARDIAC ARREST
Defibrillation- Give electrical shock
The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR ) emergency strategy, consists of chest compression and
breathing.
Tracheal intubation inserting a tube into the trachea or windpipe.
Medication to increase blood pressure, neurologic and cardiovascular condition checker.
Coronary catheterization, and biopsy test to check or confirm a heart problem
Cardioverter defibrillation A small device placed inside the heart or abdomen to shock the heart when
needed.
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
What Is Heart Failure?
The word Heart failure doesn’t mean the heart has completely stopped working. the heart works
improperly, Due to various reasons muscles of the heart are unable to pump blood properly. as a result
blood backup and fluid buildup are filled in the lungs and other body parts which is why called Congestive
heart failure.
CAUSES OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Coronary artery disease is a blockage in a major artery that is the coronary artery.
Heart attack sudden blockage
Cardiomyopathy is a problem with the heart muscles.
SYMPTOMS OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Chest pain, dizziness, breathing problem,water retention in body parts due to this swollen legs or an
increase in weight, frequent urination.
TREATMENT
Treatment consists of medication, surgery, and lifestyle change.
ARRHYTHMIA
Heartbeats in electric impulses, change in these impulses or rhythm either too fast or too slow this
disorder in the heart is called arrhythmia.
CAUSES AND TYPES OF ARRHYTHMIA
The causes of irregular heartbeats are:
Heart attack, Structure problem,Coronary artery disease or blocked arteries, Diabetes, High blood
pressure, Infection, Genetics, Anxiety and Stress
Types of Arrhythmia:
according to the speed of heartbeats, arrhythmia is classified into two group
Tachycardia heartbeats greater than 100 beats per minute.
Bradycardia heartbeats are less than 60 beats per minute.
ARRHYTHMIA SYMPTOMS
You may not have any symptoms of an arrhythmia. but some common signs: feeling like your heart
skipped a beat, discomfort feeling in your chest pain or tightness, difficulty in breathing, irregular pulse,
fainting, or exhausted, fatigue, sweating neck or chest
TREATMENT OF ARRHYTHMIA
Treatment consists of self-care, medication, invasive therapies, and surgery according to the severity of
the arrhythmia.
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Congenital heart disease is a birth drawback, the meaning of the word congenital is something present
from birth. Heart disease, which originated in the mother’s womb and there a range of birth defects is
called congenital heart disease.
CAUSES OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
No apparent cause of congenital heart disease is identified but some known things to increase the risk
are:
Down syndrome- a genetic disorder.
Some infections like rubella.
Mother taking some medicine during pregnancy.
Having uncontrolled diabetes type 1 or type 2.
Chromosome defects.
SYMPTOMS OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
There are lots of symptoms in your child or baby having the congenital disease;
Racing of heartbeats, breathing-related problems, blue complexion to the skin or lips called cyanosis,
swelling of legs, tummy, etc.
TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Treatment consist of the type of the disease, if there is a small defect then mild treatment will be ok a
small hole in a heart will cover itself as age increase but a big hole will need surgery.
often people suffering from congenital diseases need treatment throughout.
SOME GENERAL QUESTIONS
people have so many thoughts regarding heart disease like,
CAN HEART DISEASE BE REVERSED OR NOT?
the answer to the question is yes and at the same time no because the heart is not cured but some
change in lifestyle like do exersise, control diet, stay away from stress. Heart diseases are treatable but
not cured.
HOW HYPERTENSION. HEART DISEASE AND STROKE ARE RELATED?
When blood flow in arteries is too high then the condition called Hypertension. Hypertension is the risk
factor for high blood pressure and stroke. High blood pressure continue for long can destrut the arteries
that carry blood to your brain results in stroke.
Hypertention also damage arteries that carry blood to your heart results in heart problem.
IS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE CONSIDERSD A HEART DISEASE?
The answer is no high blood is considred as heart disease but if the process continue for long may create
other heart diseases.
WHAT IS CDC COVID VACCINE HEART DISEASE?
cases of Myocarditis and Pericarditis rarely confimed thus cdc and its partner continue saying go for the
vaccination.
WHAT IS THE ICD 10 CODE FOR HEART DISEASES?
Cardiovascular diseases are most serious problem for America. to treat cardiovascular diseases need to
know the icd 10 code.
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